Historical month-by-month and year-by-year returns
Based on 49 calendar years of monthly closes, starting 1978.
| Month | Average | Median | % Positive | Best | Worst |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | +1.6% | −0.4% | 48% | +28.2% | −20.6% |
| February | +1.5% | +1.2% | 54% | +20.1% | −16.1% |
| March | +1.1% | +0.8% | 54% | +31.4% | −19.6% |
| April | −0.6% | −0.7% | 48% | +25.8% | −16.2% |
| May | +0.3% | +1.0% | 55% | +17.2% | −18.6% |
| June | +0.5% | +0.9% | 55% | +18.1% | −16.0% |
| July | +2.6% | +2.3% | 59% | +22.0% | −17.5% |
| August | +1.6% | +0.4% | 52% | +30.5% | −17.5% |
| September | +0.7% | +1.8% | 52% | +23.5% | −29.6% |
| October | +3.0% | +4.3% | 65% | +24.9% | −37.5% |
| November | +4.3% | +4.1% | 71% | +25.5% | −19.3% |
| December | +0.7% | +0.5% | 54% | +37.5% | −29.6% |
| Year | Return |
|---|---|
| 2025 | +2.7% |
| 2024 | +11.2% |
| 2023 | +46.1% |
| 2022 | −33.0% |
| 2021 | −0.4% |
| 2020 | +71.7% |
| 2019 | −6.3% |
| 2018 | −35.3% |
| 2017 | +34.0% |
| 2016 | +25.0% |
| 2015 | −14.2% |
| 2014 | +20.8% |
| 2013 | +56.7% |
| 2012 | +9.8% |
| 2011 | −10.2% |
| 2010 | +11.5% |
| 2009 | +30.1% |
| 2008 | −28.1% |
| 2007 | −17.9% |
| 2006 | +5.1% |
| 2005 | +5.0% |
| 2004 | +45.9% |
| 2003 | +24.5% |
| 2002 | +4.5% |
| 2001 | +29.8% |
| 2000 | −2.4% |
| 1999 | −8.2% |
| 1998 | +46.1% |
| 1997 | +37.2% |
| 1996 | +20.5% |
| 1995 | +22.6% |
| 1994 | −15.0% |
| 1993 | +30.0% |
| 1992 | +40.6% |
| 1991 | +14.4% |
| 1990 | −26.0% |
| 1989 | −9.6% |
| 1988 | +27.0% |
| 1987 | −36.8% |
| 1986 | +4.1% |
| 1985 | +75.7% |
| 1984 | −25.4% |
| 1983 | +24.6% |
| 1982 | +18.8% |
| 1981 | +41.2% |
| 1980 | +90.3% |
| 1979 | +77.1% |
These are historical patterns, not a forecast — past calendar-month performance does not predict future returns.